Ocular Physiology — Aqueous, IOP & Accommodation Quiz

Ocular Physiology — Aqueous, IOP & Accommodation

Ocular Physiology — Aqueous, IOP & Accommodation Quiz with a certificate.

1 / 10

1. Corneal transparency is maintained primarily by:

1. Active dehydration by the corneal endothelium

2. The avascular stroma alone

3. The tear film covering the epithelium

4. The regular arrangement of epithelium

2 / 10

2. The main route of aqueous humor outflow is:

1. Trabecular (conventional) route via Schlemm's canal

2. Uveoscleral route

3. Through the iris

4. Through the choroid

3 / 10

3. The Helmholtz theory of accommodation states:

1. The zonules tighten to flatten the lens

2. The cornea changes shape during accommodation

3. The vitreous pressure increases the lens power

4. Ciliary muscle contracts, zonules relax, lens becomes more spherical

4 / 10

4. The pupillary light reflex involves which cranial nerves?

1. CN I and CN IV

2. CN II (afferent) and CN III (efferent)

3. CN III and CN IV

4. CN V and CN VII

5 / 10

5. The amplitude of accommodation is defined as:

1. The power of the crystalline lens at rest

2. The diameter of the pupil during near fixation

3. The difference between far and near point vergences

4. The axial length change during focus

6 / 10

6. Intraocular pressure is measured clinically using:

1. Goldmann applanation tonometry

2. Schiotz tonometer only

3. Digital palpation

4. Rebound tonometry only

7 / 10

7. Presbyopia is caused primarily by:

1. Weakness of the ciliary muscle

2. Loss of lens elasticity with age

3. Increase in axial length

4. Decrease in pupil size

8 / 10

8. The near triad (near response) consists of:

1. Divergence, relaxation, mydriasis

2. Saccade, divergence, dilation

3. Accommodation, convergence, miosis

4. Pursuit, accommodation, mydriasis

9 / 10

9. The resting membrane potential of a neuron is approximately:

1. −20 mV

2. 0 mV

3. −70 mV

4. +40 mV

10 / 10

10. Which type of drug reduces IOP by decreasing aqueous production?

1. Prostaglandin analogs

2. Miotics (pilocarpine)

3. Hyperosmotic agents

4. Beta-blockers (e.g., timolol)

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