Conjunctivitis- Eye Flu
Conjunctivitis, commonly called “Eye Flu,” is one of the most frequent eye problems people experience, especially during seasonal changes and viral outbreaks. Although it sounds scary, in most cases conjunctivitis is not dangerous if managed properly. As an optometrist, let me explain what it is, why it happens, and how you can take care of your eyes if you or your loved ones get it.
What is Conjunctivitis?
The word conjunctivitis comes from “conjunctiva,” which is the thin transparent layer covering the white part of your eye and the inner surface of your eyelids. When this layer gets infected or irritated, it becomes red, swollen, and uncomfortable.
This condition is popularly called “eye flu” because viral conjunctivitis often spreads quickly in communities, just like seasonal flu.
Types of Conjunctivitis
There are three main types:
- Viral Conjunctivitis
- Caused by viruses (often the same ones responsible for colds and flu).
- Highly contagious.
- Symptoms: watery discharge, red eyes, irritation, sometimes associated with sore throat or cold.
- Bacterial Conjunctivitis
- Caused by bacteria.
- Also contagious.
- Symptoms: sticky yellow/green discharge, eyelids sticking together (especially in the morning).
- Allergic Conjunctivitis
- Caused by allergens like pollen, dust, or pet dander.
- Not contagious.
- Symptoms: intense itching, watery eyes, and often associated with sneezing or nasal allergy.
Symptoms to Look Out For
- Redness in one or both eyes
- Watering or discharge (watery in viral, sticky in bacterial)
- Itching or burning sensation
- Swollen eyelids
- Sensitivity to light
- Gritty or sandy feeling in the eye
How Does It Spread?
- Direct contact with infected eye secretions
- Sharing towels, pillows, cosmetics, or handkerchiefs
- Touching your eyes with unwashed hands after contact with an infected person
This is why outbreaks happen so quickly in schools, offices, and crowded places.
What You Should Do if You Have Eye Flu
- Keep your hands clean – wash with soap frequently.
- Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes.
- Use a clean tissue or cotton to wipe discharge. Do not reuse it.
- Cold compresses (clean cloth dipped in cold water) can soothe irritation.
- Artificial tears (lubricating eye drops) can give comfort.
- Isolate personal items like towels, pillows, and makeup to prevent spreading it to family members.
- Wear sunglasses if light sensitivity bothers you.
What You Should NOT Do
- Don’t self-medicate with antibiotic drops unless prescribed. Viral conjunctivitis doesn’t need antibiotics.
- Don’t use steroid eye drops on your own – they can cause serious complications if misused.
- Don’t share handkerchiefs, cosmetics, or eye drops with others.
- Don’t wear contact lenses until your eyes are completely normal again.
When to See a Doctor or Optometrist
- If your vision is blurred and not improving
- If you have severe pain in the eye
- If there is excessive swelling around the eyes
- If the condition persists beyond a week
- If a newborn baby has red, sticky eyes (needs urgent care)
Can Conjunctivitis Cause Permanent Damage?
In most cases, conjunctivitis heals on its own without long-term effects. Viral eye flu usually improves in 7–10 days. However, ignoring it or using wrong medications can sometimes lead to complications. That’s why proper hygiene and timely consultation with an eye care professional are important.